Discover Kastellorizo: The Hidden Jewel of Greek Islands

On the easternmost edge of Greece lies Kastellorizo, one of the smallest and most enchanting Greek islands in the Dodecanese complex. Known as Megisti during antiquity, this island boasts a long history that dates back to the early Neolithic era. The ancient name Megisti lasted until the Middle Ages when the Knights of St. John built Castello Rosso, a castle with high double walls and battlements, on the reddish rock above the port. This castle gave the island its modern name, Kastellorizo.

History and Background

The island experienced significant economic growth by the end of the 19th century, thanks to its thriving fishing and shipping industries. The beautiful stately houses along the Kordoniou coast are reminiscent of those prosperous days, standing as a testament to the island’s rich history and cultural heritage.

Kastellorizo offers the quintessence of the best remote holidays one can ask for: a serene atmosphere, rich history, and a picture-perfect village reflecting off the sea by the port area. Upon arrival at the harbor, the first glimpse of the colorful stately houses built on the hillside by the sea is truly breathtaking. The island’s history is beautifully encapsulated in the 1755 mosque with its minaret and red dome, now housing the Historical Collection of Kastellorizo, showcasing documents, heirlooms, and pictures from the island’s history from the 19th century up to the mid-20th century.

Things to Do and See

A scenic walk around Kastellorizo will reveal cobblestone alleys, staircases, and houses built in the Dodecanesian architectural style. This Greek island is a treasure trove of historical and cultural sites. The Municipal and Nea Agora buildings feature arches that follow the architectural style from the Italian Rule. The 1903 Santrapeia School’s building was designed in the neoclassical architectural style of the University of Athens. The Patron Saint Church of Agion Konstantinou and Helenis (1835) showcases a unique Gothic architectural style, with its roof supported by twelve granite columns borrowed from the temple of Apollo in Patara Lycia.

For an unforgettable experience, climb up 315 steps from the port to the fort-monastery of Agios Georgios tou Vounou in the Palaiokastro area. Here, you’ll be rewarded with stunning views and a visit to the monastery’s catacomb and the church of Agios Charalambos.

Don’t miss the 14th-century castle of the Knights Hospitaller of the Order of St. John on Castello Rosso. The hill’s red rock not only gave the island its name but also offers a picturesque backdrop for exploring the island’s rich history. Below the castle, the 4th-century BC Lycian tomb is a must-see, carved into the rock in haut-relief. The Archaeological – Diachroniko Museum of Megisti, housed in the historic building “Konaki,” offers fascinating exhibits on ancient Megisti and the island’s history from early Christian times to the post-Byzantine era.

The Beauty of the Blue Caves

A visit to Kastellorizo is incomplete without a trip to the Blue Caves, considered one of the most striking grottos in the Mediterranean. Accessible only by boat, the Blue Caves captivate visitors with their stunning natural beauty. Sunlight reflected at the back of the cave paints the water an unbelievable shade of Aegean blue, a sight that defies description and cannot be fully captured in photos.

The harbor itself is a technicolor amphitheater lined with handsome old houses painted in vivid colors. The neighborhoods – the Centre, Pera Meria (or Palameria), and Kavos – still retain the atmosphere of a century ago, offering a glimpse into the island’s storied past.

Hidden Gems and Local Legends

For a panoramic view of the island, climb the steep path from Horafia to the fortified monastery of Ai Giorgi tou Vounou (St. George of the Mountain). The journey is worth every step, offering breathtaking vistas and a sense of accomplishment.

A significant cultural landmark is the islet of Ro (also called Agios Georgios or Ropi) southwest of Kastellorizo. This islet holds special symbolic importance for Greeks, thanks to Despina Achladioti, known as the Lady of Ro. For 40 years, she lived there alone, raising the Greek flag every morning and lowering it every evening. Her patriotic act of resistance during the Nazi Occupation has become legendary.

Lastly, the Ancient Museum of Kastellorizo offers a remarkable collection of artifacts from ancient and Byzantine times, along with local handicrafts that provide insights into the island’s traditions.